Agelaius phoeniceus, commonly known as the Red-winged Blackbird, is native to North America. Its geographical distribution spans across the United States, Canada, and parts of Central America. It is predominantly found from southern Alaska and Canada to the Gulf of Mexico, covering almost all of the continental United States.

The Red-winged Blackbird typically inhabits wetland environments, including marshes, swamps, and the edges of ponds and lakes. It is also found in grasslands and agricultural fields during certain times of the year. The species prefers environments that provide dense vegetation for nesting and abundant food resources. Climate-wise, the species is adaptable and can be found in temperate to subtropical regions.

The ecological niche of the Red-winged Blackbird includes its role as both predator and prey within its ecosystem. It primarily feeds on insects during the breeding season and seeds and grains during the non-breeding season. This dietary flexibility allows it to thrive in various environmental conditions. As a prey species, it provides a food source for various predators, including raptors and mammals. The bird's aggressive behavior in defending its territory is a significant ecological trait, contributing to its successful adaptation to diverse habitats.