Antigone canadensis, commonly known as the Sandhill Crane, is native to North America. It is found across the northern United States, Canada, and into the Arctic regions during the breeding season. In the non-breeding season, populations migrate to the southern United States, northern Mexico, and parts of Central America.

Sandhill Cranes typically inhabit freshwater wetlands, including marshes, bogs, and wet meadows. These environments are characterized by abundant vegetation and shallow water. During migration, they may also be found in grasslands, prairies, and agricultural fields. The climate in their breeding areas varies from temperate to subarctic, while the wintering regions are more temperate to tropical.

Sandhill Cranes play a significant role as both predator and prey within their ecosystems. They feed on a diverse diet that includes plants, grains, insects, and small vertebrates, helping to control insect populations and disperse plant seeds. These cranes are also important as prey for larger predators and contribute to nutrient cycles in their habitats through their migratory patterns.