Armadillidium vulgare, commonly known as the common pillbug or roly-poly, is a terrestrial isopod with a segmented, oval body and hard exoskeleton. It thrives in moist environments like gardens and forests, playing a crucial role in decomposing organic matter. Notably, it can roll into a ball when threatened.

Armadillidium vulgare, commonly known as the common pillbug or roly-poly, is native to the Mediterranean Basin. This includes parts of Southern Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. However, it has been widely introduced to other regions around the world, including North America and parts of Asia and Australia.

Armadillidium vulgare typically inhabits moist environments, as they are prone to desiccation. They are commonly found in leaf litter, under logs, stones, and other debris in gardens, forests, and grasslands. The species prefers environments with high humidity and moderate temperatures.

The ecological niche of Armadillidium vulgare involves decomposing organic material, playing a crucial role in nutrient cycling within ecosystems. They feed on decaying plant matter, contributing to soil aeration and fertility. As detritivores, they help break down organic matter, facilitating decomposition and nutrient release into the soil.