B. insularis, commonly known as the Golden Lancehead Pit Viper, is endemic to Brazil's Ilha da Queimada Grande. It exhibits a striking yellowish-brown coloration and its venom is highly potent. This arboreal snake preys on birds and plays a crucial role in controlling the island's avian population.

B. insularis, commonly known as the Golden Lancehead pit viper, is native to the Ilha da Queimada Grande, also known as Snake Island, located off the coast of the state of São Paulo in Brazil. This island is the only place in the world where this species is found naturally.

The island has a tropical climate characterized by high humidity and temperature variations typical of the Atlantic Forest biome. The vegetation is dense, with rainforest-like conditions that provide ample cover and a high abundance of birds, which are the primary prey for the Golden Lancehead.

B. insularis occupies a niche as a top predator on Snake Island. Its ecological role involves regulating the bird population, which constitutes its main diet. The snake has adapted to the island's limited environment by developing an extremely potent venom, necessary for quickly subduing its avian prey. The unique isolation of the island has led to the evolution of specific adaptations that allow the snake to thrive in its constrained habitat.