The Basque Shepherd Dog is a medium-sized herding breed known for its agility and intelligence. It has a robust build, with a slightly wavy coat that can vary in color. This breed is energetic, loyal, and highly skilled in herding tasks. Originating in the Basque region of Spain, it thrives in rural environments and is well-adapted to mountainous terrain.

The Basque Shepherd Dog, also known as Euskal Artzain Txakurra, is native to the Basque Country, a region located in Northern Spain and Southwestern France. This area is characterized by its diverse landscapes, including mountainous areas and coastal regions.

The Basque Country features a temperate climate with mild, wet winters and warm, dry summers. The region's varied topography includes mountains, plains, and coastal areas, providing a range of environmental conditions. The Basque Shepherd Dog is typically found in rural and agricultural settings, where it has adapted to work as a herding dog.

As a herding dog, the Basque Shepherd Dog occupies the ecological niche of assisting in livestock management, particularly sheep and cattle. The breed is well-suited to the rugged terrain of the Basque Country, using its agility, intelligence, and endurance to navigate and control herds across diverse landscapes.