Betta splendens, commonly known as Siamese fighting fish, are vibrant freshwater fish noted for their vivid colors and long, flowing fins. Native to Southeast Asia, they inhabit shallow waters like rice paddies and slow-moving streams. These fish are territorial and known for their aggressive behavior, especially males who display and flare their fins to establish dominance. They possess a labyrinth organ allowing them to breathe atmospheric air, a unique adaptation among fish.

Betta splendens, commonly known as the Siamese fighting fish, is native to Southeast Asia. Its natural range includes the countries of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. Within these countries, it is predominantly found in the Mekong and Chao Phraya river basins.

Betta splendens typically inhabits freshwater environments such as rice paddies, ditches, floodplains, and slow-moving streams and canals. These habitats are characterized by warm, shallow waters with temperatures ranging from 24°C to 30°C (75°F to 86°F). The water is often stagnant or slow-moving, with a low oxygen concentration, which is why Betta splendens has adapted to breathe surface air using its labyrinth organ.

Betta splendens occupies a niche as both a predator and prey species. It feeds on small invertebrates and zooplankton, using its keen eyesight and agility to capture prey. Its vibrant coloration and aggressive behavior, especially in males, are adaptations for mating displays and territorial disputes. The species has also adapted to survive in environments with significant seasonal changes, such as flooding and drought, by utilizing its ability to breathe atmospheric air.