Bothriechis schlegelii, commonly known as the eyelash viper, is a small, arboreal pit viper found in Central and South American rainforests. It is recognized for its striking color variations, prominent 'eyelash' scales above its eyes, and ambush predation strategy. This venomous snake plays a crucial role in controlling small mammal populations.

Bothriechis schlegelii, commonly known as the eyelash viper, is native to Central and South America. Its geographical distribution includes countries such as Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela. The species is primarily found in the lowland and premontane regions on both the Atlantic and Pacific slopes.

The eyelash viper inhabits tropical rainforests and cloud forests, typically at elevations ranging from sea level to 2,640 feet (800 meters). It thrives in warm, humid environments with dense vegetation, often near water sources such as rivers and streams. The climate in these regions is characterized by high humidity and consistent rainfall throughout the year.

Bothriechis schlegelii occupies an arboreal niche, frequently found in trees and shrubs where it camouflages among leaves and branches. This adaptation helps it avoid predators and enhances its ability to ambush prey. The species primarily preys on small birds, lizards, and mammals, using its cryptic coloration and prehensile tail to navigate and hunt effectively in its arboreal environment.