The common buzzard (Buteo buteo) is native to Europe, extending into parts of Asia and northern Africa. It is widely distributed across these continents and is most commonly found throughout the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and into Russia. Some populations are resident, while others, especially those in northern areas, migrate south during the winter.

Buteo buteo typically inhabits a diverse range of environments, including woodlands, farmlands, grasslands, and open fields. It is also found in upland areas, such as hills and mountains, where mixed forests or patches of woodland are present. The species is adaptable to various temperate climates and can often be seen soaring or perching in areas with an abundance of trees or shrubs that provide adequate cover.

As a generalist predator, the common buzzard occupies a broad ecological niche. It primarily feeds on small mammals, such as rodents, but is also known to consume birds, reptiles, amphibians, and carrion when available. This adaptability in diet allows it to thrive in various environments. Moreover, the buzzard often utilizes perches to hunt, taking advantage of its acute vision to spot potential prey from above.