The goldfish (Carassius auratus) is a freshwater fish renowned for its bright orange coloration, though it can also appear in white, yellow, or red. Typically found in ponds, aquariums, and slow-moving freshwater bodies, they are social creatures that can recognize and interact with their owners.

The goldfish (Carassius auratus) is native to East Asia, particularly China. It is believed to have been domesticated from wild populations of the Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) in China over a thousand years ago.

Goldfish typically inhabit freshwater environments with slow-moving or still waters such as ponds, rivers, and lakes. They prefer water temperatures ranging from 20°C to 23°C (68°F to 74°F) and require a well-oxygenated environment. The water should be clear and free from pollutants, with a pH level ranging from 6.0 to 8.0.

In their natural habitat, goldfish occupy the niche of omnivorous benthopelagic feeders. They consume a wide variety of food sources, including algae, detritus, small crustaceans, and insect larvae. Goldfish are adapted to environments with soft substrates where they can forage for food. Domesticated varieties have been bred to thrive in controlled environments such as aquariums and garden ponds, where they continue to exhibit flexible feeding behaviors. Their ability to adapt to various food sources and conditions has contributed to their widespread success as a domesticated species.