The Canis lupus occidentalis, or Northwestern wolf, is a subspecies of the gray wolf found in the northwestern regions of North America. Known for its large size and powerful build, this wolf boasts a thick coat that ranges from gray to black. They exhibit pack behavior, playing a vital role in maintaining the balance of their ecosystem by controlling prey populations.

The Canis lupus occidentalis, commonly known as the Northwestern wolf or Rocky Mountain wolf, is native to the northwestern regions of North America. Its geographical distribution includes parts of Canada, specifically in British Columbia, Alberta, and the Yukon, and extends into the United States, particularly in the northern Rocky Mountains, including parts of Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming.

The Northwestern wolf inhabits a range of environments, but it is predominantly found in forested areas, mountainous regions, and tundra. The climate within these regions varies from temperate in the southern parts of its range to subarctic in the northern areas. These wolves are adapted to cold environments and can thrive in areas with heavy snowfall.

As apex predators, Northwestern wolves play a crucial role in their ecosystems. They primarily prey on large ungulates such as elk, deer, and moose, helping to maintain the balance in populations of these species. Their presence influences the structure of the ecosystem, including vegetation and the populations of other animal species. They are well-adapted to hunting in packs, which allows them to effectively take down large prey in their natural habitat.