Catocala moths, commonly known as underwing moths, are known for their cryptic forewings that blend with tree bark and vibrant, contrasting hindwings that flash when disturbed. They inhabit temperate regions and forests, playing a role in pollination and serving as prey for birds and other predators.

The genus Catocala, commonly known as underwing moths, is primarily native to North America, Europe, and parts of Asia. In North America, they are predominantly found in the United States and Canada. In Europe, they are distributed across various countries including the United Kingdom, France, and Germany. Some species are also found in parts of Asia such as China and Japan.

Catocala moths typically inhabit deciduous and mixed forests where their larval host plants, primarily oak and willow trees, are abundant. These moths thrive in environments with moderate to warm climates, often preferring areas with sufficient vegetation to provide cover and resources.

Catocala moths occupy a niche as nocturnal pollinators and as prey for various nocturnal predators. The larvae are herbivorous, feeding on the leaves of host trees, while adult moths may feed on nectar from flowers. Their cryptic coloration aids in camouflage against tree bark during the day, providing protection from predators.