English
Mexican Violetear
The Mexican Violetear (*Colibri thalassinus*) is a vibrant and relatively common hummingbird species found in the highlands of Mexico and Central America. It plays a crucial role in its ecosystem as a pollinator, particularly for various flowering plants in cloud forests and montane scrub. Unlike some hummingbird species, the Mexican Violetear is not currently considered globally threatened, though habitat loss continues to be a concern. It holds no significant cultural significance beyond its aesthetic appeal and role in local ecosystems.
10-12 cm
Length
12-15 cm
Wingspan
Least Concern
Conservation Status
Distribution
The Mexican Violetear is primarily found in the highlands, from central Mexico south through Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador, reaching into northern Nicaragua. Some populations are migratory, with some individuals reaching as far north as the southern United States (Texas, Arizona), particularly during the summer months. Their altitudinal range spans from approximately 1,200 to 3,000 meters (3,900 to 9,800 feet).
Lifespan
Average lifespan in the wild is estimated to be 3-5 years, though some individuals may live longer. Captive individuals can live slightly longer with consistent food resources.
Mexican Violetear's Habitat
Habitat Types
Humid montane forests, Cloud forests, Pine-oak woodlands, Forest edges, Clearings with flowering shrubs
Climate Zones
Subtropical, Temperate (highland)
Adaptations
Mexican Violetears are adapted to the cooler temperatures of higher elevations. They can enter a state of torpor, reducing their metabolic rate and body temperature at night or during periods of food scarcity, conserving energy.
Variations
Several subspecies have been proposed, but their validity is debated among ornithologists. Differences in plumage coloration and size are subtle, and further genetic research is needed to clarify subspecific relationships.
Appearance
Breeding Plumage
There is little difference between breeding and non-breeding plumage. The overall coloration remains consistent throughout the year.
Seasonal Feather Changes
No significant seasonal variation.
Sex Based Plumage Differences
Males and females are similar in appearance. Both have iridescent green upperparts and a glittering green breast. The namesake 'violetear' refers to the violet-blue patch extending back from the eye and covering the ear coverts.
Notable Features
Violet-blue ear patch, Iridescent green plumage, Slightly decurved black bill, White spot behind the eye (may be small or indistinct)
Diet and Feeding
Primary Foods
Nectar, Small insects, Spiders
Foraging Behavior
Mexican Violetears primarily feed on nectar by hovering at flowers and extending their long, specialized tongues. They are also adept at catching small insects and spiders on the wing (hawking) or gleaning them from vegetation.
Specializations
Their long, slightly decurved bill and brush-tipped tongue are adapted for accessing nectar from a variety of flower shapes. Their hovering flight ability allows them to feed at flowers that other birds cannot access.
Seasonal Diet Variations
While nectar forms the bulk of their diet year-round, they may consume a higher proportion of insects during periods when nectar is less abundant, or when feeding young.
Behavior
Social Structure
Mexican Violetears are generally solitary, except during the breeding season. They are highly territorial, aggressively defending feeding territories from other hummingbirds.
Communication
High-pitched chattering calls, Buzzing sounds produced by wings during flight, Visual displays (e.g., aggressive posturing, display flights)
Migration
Some populations are resident (non-migratory), while others undertake short-distance migrations, often following the flowering of preferred plants. Northern populations may migrate south for the winter.
Territorial or Group Behaviors
Males are particularly territorial during the breeding season, defending nectar-rich areas from rivals. They will chase and even physically attack intruders.
Conservation
Threats
Habitat loss (deforestation), Habitat degradation (due to agriculture, logging), Climate change (potential shifts in flowering times and habitat suitability)
Protection Programs
Protected areas (national parks, reserves) within their range, Some general conservation efforts aimed at preserving montane forests
Local National Laws
Protected under general wildlife laws in Mexico and other Central American countries, though specific protections for hummingbirds may be limited.
Population Trend
Stable
Population Estimates
While precise population estimates are difficult to obtain, the species is considered relatively common within its range. The global population is estimated to be between 500,000 and 5,000,000.
Interesting Facts
They can enter a state of torpor.
This allows them to conserve energy during cold nights or periods of food scarcity.
They are highly agile fliers.
They can hover, fly backward, and even fly upside down for short periods.
Their wings beat incredibly fast.
The wingbeat frequency can be up to 50 beats per second during hovering flight.
They remember the location of the flowers
They visit and return to the same nectar sources repeatedly.
They are important pollinators.
They contribute to the reproduction of many flowering plant species in their habitat.
Faqs about Mexican Violetear
What is the 'violetear'?
The 'violetear' refers to the violet-blue patch of feathers near the bird's eye and ear.
Do Mexican Violetears visit hummingbird feeders?
Yes, they readily visit hummingbird feeders filled with a sugar-water solution (typically 1 part sugar to 4 parts water).
How can I attract Mexican Violetears to my garden?
Planting native flowering plants that attract hummingbirds, such as salvias, fuchsias, and trumpet vines, can attract them. Providing a clean hummingbird feeder can also be effective, especially in areas where natural food sources are limited. Avoid using pesticides, as these can harm hummingbirds.
Are Mexican Violetears aggressive?
Yes, they can be quite aggressive, especially males defending their territories. They are known to chase away other hummingbirds, and even larger birds, from their preferred feeding areas.
How can I tell a male from a female?
It's very difficult to distinguish between males and females based on plumage alone. Both sexes have similar coloration. Slight differences in size or behavior (males tend to be more territorial) might offer clues, but are not reliable indicators.
NATURE STYLE
Copyright @ Nature Style Limited. All Rights Reserved.