Corvus monedula, commonly known as the Western Jackdaw, is native to a wide range of regions across Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. It is found in countries including the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Russia, Spain, and extending into parts of Asia, such as Iran. Their distribution spans from the Iberian Peninsula in the west to central Asia in the east, and from Scandinavia in the north to the eastern regions of North Africa.

Western Jackdaws typically inhabit a variety of environments, with a preference for temperate climates. They are often found in open woodlands, farmlands, urban areas, and coastal cliffs. They favor areas where there are both open areas for foraging and wooded regions or structures for nesting.

Corvus monedula is a versatile species that predominantly feeds on a varied diet comprising insects, seeds, fruits, and small vertebrates. They are known to adapt well to human-altered landscapes, frequently inhabiting urban environments where they take advantage of food scraps and nesting sites in buildings. Their ecological niche includes being both predators and scavengers, playing a role in controlling insect populations and cleaning up carrion and waste.