Cygnus atratus, commonly known as the Black Swan, is native to the southern regions of Australia, including Tasmania. They are also found in New Zealand, where they were introduced, and are present in some parts of Southeast Asia and New Guinea as a result of human introduction.

Black Swans typically inhabit freshwater lakes, rivers, and wetlands. They are commonly found in environments with deep wetlands and large water bodies, which provide them with the necessary space for foraging and nesting. These areas often have abundant aquatic vegetation, which forms a significant part of their diet.

Black Swans play a crucial role in their ecological niche by contributing to the maintenance of wetland ecosystems. As grazers of aquatic plants, they help control the growth of certain vegetation, which can be vital for maintaining a balanced ecosystem. Their presence also supports a wide range of other species that depend on the wetlands for survival.