Cynoscion nebulosus, commonly known as the spotted seatrout, inhabits coastal waters and estuaries in the southeastern United States. Notable for its silvery body dotted with dark spots, it thrives in seagrass beds and marshes. Spawning in spring and summer, this species plays a vital role in local ecosystems as both predator and prey.

Cynoscion nebulosus, commonly known as the spotted seatrout or speckled trout, is native to the western Atlantic Ocean. It is primarily found along the southeastern coast of the United States, ranging from Maryland to the Gulf of Mexico, including the coasts of Florida, Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, and Mississippi. Its range extends to the northern shores of the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico.

The spotted seatrout inhabits estuarine and coastal waters, preferring areas with sandy or muddy bottoms and seagrass beds. These environments provide abundant food sources and protection from predators. The species thrives in subtropical climates with warm waters, typically between 18°C to 28°C (64°F to 82°F). They are often found in waters with salinity levels ranging from 15 to 35 ppt.

Cynoscion nebulosus occupies an ecological niche as both a predator and prey within its habitat. It feeds on smaller fish, shrimp, and crustaceans, playing a vital role in maintaining the balance of the estuarine food web. Its presence indicates a healthy, biodiverse estuarine ecosystem, and it is a popular species for both commercial and recreational fishing, which can influence local economic activities.