Dalmatians are medium-sized dogs known for their distinctive white coat with black or liver spots. They are energetic, intelligent, and sociable, originally bred as carriage dogs. Dalmatians are also renowned for their strong running ability and historically served as firehouse mascots.

The Dalmatian is not a wild animal species with a native region, as it is a domesticated dog breed. Therefore, it does not have a natural geographic distribution in the wild. Dalmatians are believed to have originated in the region of Dalmatia, in present-day Croatia, but as a breed, they are now found globally as pets.

As a domesticated breed, Dalmatians are adaptable to a variety of environmental conditions, primarily those provided by human habitats. They thrive in homes with ample space for exercise, ideally with access to a yard.

Dalmatians do not occupy an ecological niche in the wild. As companions, they are known for their endurance and were historically used as carriage dogs, capable of running alongside horses for long distances. They require active lifestyles and are well-suited to families who can provide regular exercise.