Electrophorus electricus, commonly known as the electric eel, is native to the freshwater habitats of the Amazon and Orinoco basins. Not a true eel, this species is known for its ability to generate powerful electric shocks for hunting and self-defense. It can grow up to 8 feet long and uses low voltage electric fields for navigation and communication.

Electrophorus electricus, commonly known as the electric eel, is native to the freshwater regions of South America. Its geographical distribution includes the Amazon and Orinoco River basins, covering countries such as Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and Peru. These areas are known for their extensive river networks and rich biodiversity.

The electric eel typically inhabits slow-moving or stagnant waters in floodplains, swamps, creeks, and rivers. These environments are characterized by muddy bottoms and dense vegetation, providing ample cover and hunting grounds. The climate in these regions is tropical, with high humidity and temperatures ranging from 24°C to 30°C (75°F to 86°F). Seasonal flooding is common, significantly altering the landscape and water conditions.

As a top predator in its habitat, Electrophorus electricus plays a crucial role in regulating the populations of prey species, including fish and invertebrates. The species is adapted to low-oxygen environments, utilizing a specialized respiratory system that allows it to breathe air. This adaptation is essential for survival in waters with poor oxygen levels. Furthermore, its ability to generate electric shocks aids in hunting and self-defense, making it a formidable inhabitant of its ecological niche.