Eleutherodactylus iberia, known as the Monte Iberia eleuth, is one of the world's smallest frogs, measuring just 10 mm. It inhabits the leaf litter of humid tropical forests in eastern Cuba. This species is noted for its vibrant yellow and black coloration, serving as a warning signal to predators.

Eleutherodactylus iberia, commonly known as the Monte Iberia Eleuth, is native to Cuba. Specifically, it is found in the eastern region of the island, with known populations in the Holguín and Guantánamo provinces.

The species inhabits lowland moist forests, typically at elevations ranging from 300 to 600 meters. These environments are characterized by high humidity and dense vegetation, providing ample cover and moisture necessary for their survival.

Eleutherodactylus iberia is a terrestrial frog that relies on the leaf litter and forest floor of its moist forest habitat. It plays a role in the ecosystem as both a predator of small invertebrates and as prey for larger animals. Its small size and reclusive nature make it well-adapted to the microhabitats within the forest undergrowth.