Equus species, such as horses, zebras, and donkeys, are known for their long limbs, flowing manes, and strong hooves. They are social animals often found in herds, adapted to a variety of habitats ranging from grasslands to deserts. Unique traits include complex vocal communications and strong social bonds.

Equus is a genus of mammals in the family Equidae, which includes horses, donkeys, and zebras. Members of this genus are native to different regions across the world, with wild species primarily found in Africa and Asia. The domestic horse (Equus ferus caballus) is now found globally, but its ancestor, the wild horse, originated in the steppes of Central Asia. Zebras are native to various regions in Africa, while the African wild ass (Equus africanus) is found in northeastern Africa. The Asian wild ass (Equus hemionus) and the Przewalski's horse (Equus ferus przewalskii) are native to parts of Asia.

Members of the Equus genus occupy a wide range of habitats, which include grasslands, savannas, deserts, and open plains. For instance, zebras are typically found in savanna and grassland ecosystems in Africa, where they graze on grasses. The Przewalski's horse inhabits the steppes and semi-desert regions of Mongolia, where they adapt to cold and arid conditions. Asian wild asses are found in deserts and semi-desert regions, where they can survive with minimal water and vegetation.

Equus species are primarily grazers, feeding on grasses and other vegetation. They play a vital role in their ecosystems by influencing vegetation patterns and serving as prey for large predators. Their social structures, such as herds and bands, are adapted to their environments, providing protection and increasing foraging efficiency. The specific ecological niche can vary between species and regions; for example, zebras contribute to the control of grassland ecosystems, while wild asses adapt to sparse desert environments.