The domestic horse, Equus ferus caballus, is a highly social and intelligent mammal known for its long legs, flowing mane, and tail. Horses are herbivores that graze on grasses and are found worldwide in various habitats, from grasslands to deserts. They are known for their speed, strength, and endurance.

Equus ferus caballus, commonly known as the domestic horse, is a subspecies of the wild horse Equus ferus. The wild ancestors of domestic horses originally inhabited the steppes of Central Asia, including regions that are now part of modern-day Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and Southern Russia. However, domesticated horses have been introduced and are now found worldwide, except in Antarctica.

Domestic horses have adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions due to their global distribution. They are found in diverse habitats ranging from grasslands, savannas, and deserts to temperate forests and mountainous regions. In their native range, they inhabited open steppes with sparse vegetation, which facilitated their grazing lifestyle.

Horses are primarily grazers, feeding on grasses and other vegetation. In the wild, they occupy a niche as large herbivores and play a crucial role in grassland ecosystems by maintaining plant biodiversity and serving as prey for larger predators. Their social structure often involves living in herds, which provides protection and enhances their foraging efficiency. Domesticated horses have adapted to a variety of roles, from working animals and transportation to sport and companionship, which reflects their ecological versatility.