Eriosoma lanigerum, commonly known as the woolly apple aphid, is a small sap-sucking insect recognized by its waxy, cotton-like filaments. It primarily infests apple trees, forming colonies on bark, branches, and roots. This aphid is distinctive for its woolly appearance and can cause significant damage to its host plants.

Eriosoma lanigerum, commonly known as the woolly apple aphid, is native to North America. Specifically, it originates from the eastern parts of the United States and southern Canada.

The woolly apple aphid typically inhabits temperate regions where apple trees and other members of the Rosaceae family are present. It prefers areas with moderate climates, avoiding extreme cold or excessively hot environments. These aphids thrive in orchards, gardens, and areas where host plants are cultivated.

Eriosoma lanigerum is primarily associated with apple trees, including Malus species. It feeds on the sap of these trees, forming colonies on the bark, branches, and roots. The aphid's presence can lead to the formation of galls and can adversely affect the health of the host plant. It plays a role in the ecosystem as prey for various predators, including ladybugs and parasitic wasps, which help control its population.