The Ficedula hypoleuca, commonly known as the European Pied Flycatcher, is native to the Palearctic region. It is primarily found across Europe and extends into parts of Western Asia. During the breeding season, it is commonly found in countries such as the United Kingdom, Sweden, Finland, Germany, and Poland. In the non-breeding season, the species migrates to sub-Saharan Africa, including regions in West Africa such as Senegal and Ghana.

The European Pied Flycatcher inhabits deciduous and mixed woodlands, especially those rich in oak and beech. It shows a preference for semi-open landscapes with scattered trees and wood edges. Generally, it occupies areas where there is a mixture of taller trees, offering suitable nesting sites, and open spaces, which are ideal for foraging.

This species is primarily insectivorous, feeding on a wide variety of insects and other small invertebrates. The European Pied Flycatcher plays an important role in controlling insect populations within its habitat. It often nests in tree cavities, making use of old woodpecker holes or artificial nest boxes. During migration, it tends to use a similar habitat structure, preferring areas with a good supply of insects.