The Gallus domesticus, commonly known as the domestic chicken, is a versatile bird found worldwide. It thrives in diverse environments, from rural farms to urban backyards. Known for its social behavior, chickens communicate through distinct vocalizations. They exhibit a pecking order and engage in dust bathing and foraging activities.

Gallus domesticus, commonly known as the domestic chicken, is originally descended from the wild Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus), which is native to the dense forests of South and Southeast Asia. The domestication of the chicken is believed to have begun in this region over 8,000 years ago.

The domestic chicken is highly adaptable and can thrive in a variety of climates and environments due to human intervention and selective breeding. Originally, their ancestors inhabited warm, humid, and forested environments with access to dense vegetation and areas for foraging. Today, domestic chickens can be found in almost every climate on earth, from tropical to temperate regions.

In their natural habitat, the Red Junglefowl, the ancestors of the domestic chicken, occupy an ecological niche as omnivorous ground-dwelling birds. They forage for seeds, insects, and small animals within the forest floor and open areas. The domestic chicken has inherited these foraging habits, although they are now largely dependent on human-provided food sources.