Lachnolaimus maximus, commonly known as the Hogfish, is a striking marine species found in the western Atlantic Ocean. It thrives in coral reefs and rocky bottoms, exhibiting a fascinating ability to change color for camouflage. Notably, this species is protogynous, meaning individuals can change sex from female to male.

Lachnolaimus maximus, commonly known as the Hogfish, is native to the western Atlantic Ocean. Its geographical distribution includes regions from North Carolina in the United States, through the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and down to the northern coast of South America. It is primarily found around coral reefs and rocky areas in these warmer waters.

The Hogfish typically inhabits coral reefs, rocky ledges, and grassy flats at depths ranging from 3 to 30 meters, though they have been observed as deep as 100 meters. The species prefers warm, tropical waters with temperatures generally between 25 to 30 degrees Celsius (77 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit). The water clarity in these areas is often high, which is conducive to the growth of the coral and sea grasses that form part of its habitat.

Lachnolaimus maximus plays a significant role in its ecosystem as both predator and prey. It primarily feeds on mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms, using its elongated snout to probe into crevices and sift through the sand. This feeding behavior helps control the population of its prey species, contributing to the balance of the reef ecosystem. As a prey species, it is hunted by larger fish and marine predators. Variations in habitat can occur based on factors such as availability of prey and presence of predators, leading to adaptations in behavior and habitat choice.