Lithobates pipiens, commonly known as the Northern Leopard Frog, is native to North America. Its geographical distribution spans from southern Canada, through the majority of the United States, extending as far south as northern Mexico. Notably, the species is found across a wide range of states in the US, but populations may vary regionally.

The Northern Leopard Frog typically inhabits a variety of freshwater environments, such as marshes, ponds, lakes, and slow-moving streams. It prefers areas with abundant vegetation both in water and on land to provide cover and breeding sites. The species is generally found in regions characterized by temperate climates, with a preference for moderate temperatures allowing for seasonal variations.

Ecologically, Lithobates pipiens plays a significant role as both predator and prey. It consumes a wide variety of invertebrates, thus contributing to the regulation of these populations. This species also serves as a vital food source for a variety of predators including birds, fish, and mammals. In terms of adaptations, the Northern Leopard Frog is known for its ability to survive in slightly cooler climates compared to many other amphibians, and its skin patterns provide an effective camouflage against predators in its habitat.