Melanerpes aurifrons, commonly known as the Golden-fronted Woodpecker, is native to the regions spanning Central America and North America. Its range extends from southern Texas and eastern New Mexico in the United States, through Mexico and into northern Nicaragua.

The Golden-fronted Woodpecker typically inhabits arid to semi-arid regions, including open woodlands, savannas, scrublands, and riparian areas. It is often found in areas with scattered trees and shrubs, including mesquite, cedar, and oak woodlands. The species thrives in environments with moderate temperatures and can adapt to both subtropical and temperate zones.

As a member of the woodpecker family, Melanerpes aurifrons plays a crucial role in its ecosystem by controlling insect populations and facilitating seed dispersion. It primarily feeds on insects, fruits, and nuts, pecking at tree bark to find food. Its versatile diet allows it to adapt to varied environments within its range, and it often utilizes tree cavities for nesting.