Melanerpes carolinus, commonly known as the Red-bellied Woodpecker, is native to North America, primarily found in the eastern United States. Its geographical range extends from the Gulf Coast to the Great Lakes and westward to Texas and eastern Nebraska.

The Red-bellied Woodpecker typically inhabits deciduous and mixed woodlands, preferring open woodlands with mature trees. It can also be found in suburbs, parks, and other areas where trees are present. The species thrives in a temperate climate with distinct seasonal changes.

This woodpecker plays an essential role in its ecosystem as an insectivore, feeding on insects, spiders, and other small invertebrates. It also consumes fruits and nuts. The bird nests in cavities, which it excavates in dead trees or limbs, and has adapted to suburban areas, taking advantage of bird feeders and artificial nesting sites.