The species Melozone fusca, commonly known as the Canyon Towhee, is native to North America. Its geographical distribution includes the southwestern United States and parts of Mexico, specifically found from southern Arizona and New Mexico in the United States down through central and southern Mexico.

Canyon Towhees typically inhabit arid and semi-arid environments including deserts, foothills, and canyons. These areas are characterized by a dry climate with sparse rainfall, and they often include thorny shrubs, bushy understory, and in some cases, open woodlands.

Canyon Towhees generally prefer habitats with dense ground cover, which provides them with both protection from predators and abundant foraging opportunities. They are often found in habitats with a mix of open areas and areas dense with vegetation, where they primarily feed on the ground, foraging for seeds, insects, and fruits.