The White Wagtail (Motacilla alba) is native to a wide geographical range across Europe, Asia, and parts of North Africa. It is commonly found throughout the continent, including the United Kingdom and extends into the northern regions of Russia and the Far East of Asia. It also inhabits parts of the Middle East, and its range extends into the Indian subcontinent.

The White Wagtail typically inhabits open areas with close access to water. This includes environments such as riverbanks, lakeshores, urban parks, and agricultural fields. It prefers areas that offer a combination of open spaces for foraging and some form of cover, such as shrubs or trees.

Motacilla alba is a highly adaptable species often found in close proximity to human settlements, where it may forage in cultivated lands and urban areas. It feeds primarily on insects and other small invertebrates and is known for its characteristic 'wagging' tail movement. Its presence in diverse habitats, from rural to semi-urban areas, showcases its ecological flexibility. Seasonal migrations are common among populations in northern and temperate regions, where they move to warmer areas during winter.