Octopus vulgaris, commonly known as the common octopus, is a highly intelligent marine creature found in warm waters worldwide. It has a soft, bulbous body, eight arms lined with sensitive suckers, and exceptional camouflage abilities. This species is known for its problem-solving skills and dynamic hunting techniques.

Octopus vulgaris, commonly known as the common octopus, is native to the temperate and tropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean, including the Mediterranean Sea. It is also found along the eastern coasts of the Americas, the western coasts of Africa, the eastern and western Mediterranean regions, and parts of the Indian Ocean.

The common octopus typically inhabits coastal marine environments, favoring rocky crevices, coral reefs, and seagrass beds. It thrives in waters with a moderate to warm temperature, ranging from 15°C to 25°C. These areas provide ample hiding spots and feeding grounds.

Octopus vulgaris is a benthic predator, primarily hunting crustaceans, mollusks, and small fish. Its ecological niche involves using its intelligence and adaptability to exploit various microhabitats within its environment. The common octopus is known for its ability to blend into its surroundings using camouflage, making it an effective ambush predator.