Operophtera brumata, commonly known as the winter moth, is a small moth native to Europe. It has a distinctive wingless female and a male with mottled brown wings. The species is known for its late autumn to early winter activity, feeding on deciduous trees and shrubs, and is a significant pest in some regions. Its larvae, or caterpillars, can cause severe defoliation.

Operophtera brumata, commonly known as the winter moth, is native to Europe. It is found across various countries within this continent, including the British Isles, Scandinavia, and parts of Eastern Europe.

The winter moth inhabits temperate regions characterized by cold winters and mild summers. It is typically found in deciduous and mixed forests, woodlands, and hedgerows, where host plants like oaks, maples, and fruit trees are abundant.

As a defoliating insect, the winter moth plays a role in the forest ecosystem by feeding on the leaves of trees and shrubs. Its larvae can cause significant defoliation, impacting plant health and growth. The species has adapted to withstand cold temperatures and has a life cycle synchronized with the seasonal availability of foliage, emerging as adults in late autumn to early winter.