Otospermophilus beecheyi, commonly known as the California ground squirrel, is native to the western United States and Mexico. Its geographical distribution spans across the states of California, Oregon, and Washington in the U.S., as well as Baja California in Mexico.

The California ground squirrel typically inhabits open areas characterized by grasslands, woodlands, and savannas. It is often found in regions with loose, well-drained soils suitable for burrowing. These areas can range from sea level to mountains up to about 2,500 meters.

This species plays a significant ecological role as both prey and a burrow creator. It is an important food source for numerous predators such as hawks, eagles, and coyotes. Its burrowing activities contribute to soil aeration and provide habitats for other animals. The ground squirrel is adaptable and can thrive in a variety of conditions, but it favors environments with sufficient vegetation for food and cover and appropriate soil conditions for burrow construction.