Commonly known as the harp seal, Pagophilus groenlandicus is recognized for its striking black harp-shaped markings on its back and silvery-gray fur. It inhabits the icy waters of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. These social mammals are known for their playful nature and rely on sea ice for breeding.

Pagophilus groenlandicus, commonly known as the harp seal, is native to the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. Their geographical distribution primarily includes the waters surrounding Canada, Greenland, Norway, and Russia. The species is particularly abundant in regions such as the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the Greenland Sea, and the White Sea.

Harp seals inhabit cold marine environments, typically characterized by icy waters and pack ice during certain times of the year. They depend on sea ice for breeding and molting. The climate in these regions is generally subarctic to polar, with temperatures often below freezing, especially during winter months.

Harp seals are marine mammals adapted to life in cold, icy environments. They are excellent swimmers and divers, feeding primarily on fish and invertebrates, such as capelin, herring, and krill. Their ability to thrive in icy waters is supported by their thick blubber and fur, which provide insulation. Harp seals play a significant role in the marine ecosystem as both predators and prey, with various adaptations allowing them to navigate and survive in their harsh native habitat.