Paralichthys, known as flounders, are flatfish with both eyes on one side of their head. They inhabit sandy or muddy ocean floors, using camouflage for predation and protection. Notable for their ability to change color and pattern, they play a crucial role as both predator and prey in marine ecosystems.

Paralichthys, commonly known as flounders, are primarily found along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North and South America. Specific regions include the eastern coast of the United States, the Gulf of Mexico, and the coasts of Central and South America. Some species are also found off the coasts of Japan and Korea.

Paralichthys species typically inhabit coastal waters, including estuaries, bays, and continental shelf areas. They prefer sandy or muddy bottoms where they can easily camouflage themselves. These environments usually have moderate to warm temperatures, ranging from temperate to subtropical climates.

Paralichthys are benthic predators, meaning they live on or near the sea floor. They are well adapted to a life of ambush predation, lying in wait for prey such as small fish and invertebrates. Their flat, asymmetrical bodies and ability to change color help them blend into the substrate, making them efficient hunters in their ecological niche.