The Phascolarctos cinereus, commonly known as the koala, is native to Australia. It is primarily found in coastal regions of eastern and southern Australia, specifically in the states of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia.

Koalas inhabit eucalypt woodlands and forests, where their preferred dietary species of trees are abundant. The climate in these regions ranges from tropical in the north to temperate in the south, providing a variety of environmental conditions. The koalas' habitat is typically characterized by sufficient rainfall to support dense forest or woodland, although they can survive in relatively open environments that provide enough food sources.

Koalas are arboreal marsupials that primarily feed on the leaves of eucalyptus trees. They exhibit a highly specialized diet, relying on specific types of eucalypt trees that are nutritional enough to sustain them. This diet shapes their ecological niche, as they require large territories with access to multiple trees to meet their dietary and territorial needs. Koalas also play a crucial role in their ecosystem as leaf consumers and as prey for various large predators.