The Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus) is native to North America. Its geographical distribution primarily covers the eastern and central parts of the continent. During the breeding season, it is typically found in the northeastern United States and southern Canada, stretching from the Great Plains to the Appalachian Mountains. In the winter, the species migrates to Central America and northern South America, particularly from southern Mexico to northwestern South America.

The Rose-breasted Grosbeak inhabits deciduous and mixed woodlands during the breeding season. This species thrives in areas with dense understory vegetation, which provides ample food and nesting sites. The climate in these regions is generally temperate, with warm summers and cold winters. During migration and in wintering grounds, they are often found in open woodlands, forest edges, and shrubby habitats in regions with a tropical to subtropical climate.

As an omnivorous species, the Rose-breasted Grosbeak plays a role in seed dispersal and pest control. Its diet consists of seeds, fruits, and insects, which it forages for in the trees and shrubs of its habitat. The species' adaptability to different forested environments and mixed landscapes allows it to occupy various ecological niches within its geographical range.