Potamotrygon leopoldi, commonly known as the Black Diamond Stingray, inhabits the freshwater rivers of Brazil. It is distinguished by its striking black and white spotted pattern and disc-like body. This benthic species is known for its nocturnal behavior, feeding on invertebrates and small fish.

Potamotrygon leopoldi, commonly known as the black diamond stingray, is native to the Xingu River basin in Brazil, South America. This region is part of the Amazon River system, which is one of the most biodiverse areas in the world.

The black diamond stingray inhabits freshwater environments characterized by clear or slightly turbid waters with rocky or sandy substrates. The Xingu River region experiences a tropical climate with a distinct wet and dry season. Average temperatures range between 24°C to 28°C (75°F to 82°F), with high humidity levels year-round.

Potamotrygon leopoldi is typically found in riverine environments where it occupies the benthic zone. It is well-adapted to bottom-dwelling life, feeding primarily on small invertebrates and fish. The species plays a role in the ecosystem as both a predator and prey, contributing to the dynamic balance of its native habitat. The stingray's coloration provides camouflage against the riverbed, aiding in both hunting and avoiding predators.