Progne subis, commonly known as the Purple Martin, is native to North America. It is primarily found throughout the United States, with breeding populations extending into southern Canada and wintering ranges extending into Central America and parts of South America, including Brazil and Bolivia.

Purple Martins commonly inhabit open areas that are close to water bodies, such as lakes, rivers, or coastal regions. They prefer regions with scattered trees where they can easily find insects for food. The climate in their breeding range varies from temperate to subtropical conditions, while their wintering grounds in South America typically feature more tropical environmental conditions.

As aerial insectivores, Purple Martins play an important ecological role by consuming a large number of flying insects. They are often found near human settlements where they benefit from man-made structures like martin houses or birdhouses provided by enthusiasts. Their ability to adapt to nesting in artificial structures has allowed them to thrive despite habitat changes.