Pylodictis olivaris, commonly known as the flathead catfish, is distinguished by its broad, flat head and smooth, scaleless skin. It inhabits slow-moving rivers and reservoirs across the central and eastern United States. This nocturnal predator is known for its opportunistic feeding habits, consuming a variety of prey including fish, crustaceans, and insects.

Pylodictis olivaris, commonly known as the flathead catfish, is native to the freshwater systems of North America. Its geographical distribution primarily includes the Mississippi River basin and its tributaries, spanning from the lower Great Lakes region in the north to the Gulf of Mexico in the south. It is also found in the eastern United States, extending westward to Texas and Mexico.

Flathead catfish typically inhabit large rivers and streams with slow-moving currents. They prefer deep pools, submerged logs, and underwater structures that provide shelter and feeding opportunities. The species thrives in warm water environments, with optimal temperatures ranging between 25°C to 30°C (77°F to 86°F).

As a nocturnal and opportunistic predator, the flathead catfish occupies the ecological niche of a top predator in its habitat. It primarily feeds on live prey, including fish and crustaceans, contributing to the regulation of prey populations and maintaining ecological balance. The species is known for its preference for live prey over dead or decaying matter, differentiating it from many other catfish species.