Sceloporus olivaceous, commonly known as the Texas spiny lizard, is native to the southwestern United States. It thrives in arid and semi-arid environments, often found in trees and shrubs. This lizard is characterized by its rough, spiny scales and vibrant color patterns, which can include shades of green, brown, and blue. It is diurnal, actively hunting insects during the day, and uses its coloration for camouflage against predators.

Sceloporus olivaceous, commonly known as the Texas Spiny Lizard, is native to North America, specifically within the United States and Mexico. Its distribution includes the southern United States, particularly in Texas, and extends into northeastern Mexico.

Sceloporus olivaceous typically inhabits arid to semi-arid regions. It is commonly found in areas with rocky outcrops, open woodlands, and savannas. The climate in these regions is characterized by hot summers and mild winters, with variable rainfall, often leading to dry conditions.

The Texas Spiny Lizard is primarily a terrestrial species, often seen basking on rocks or tree trunks. It is adapted to dry environments, where it plays a significant role in the ecosystem as both a predator of insects and as prey for larger animals. Its cryptic coloration provides effective camouflage against the rocky and wooded backgrounds of its habitat.