Setophaga pinus, commonly known as the Pine Warbler, is native to North America. Its geographical distribution primarily includes the eastern United States and parts of southeastern Canada. This species can be found from southern Canada through the eastern United States down to Florida and across to eastern Texas.

Pine Warblers typically inhabit pine-dominated forests and woodlands, which can include both pure pine stands as well as mixed forests with a significant pine component. These birds are frequently found in pine plantations in the southeastern U.S. The species prefers habitats with warmer climates and is often associated with open and semi-open landscapes. Pine Warblers can also adapt to urban and suburban environments where pine trees are present.

The ecological niche of the Pine Warbler involves feeding primarily on insects and other invertebrates, although they occasionally consume seeds and berries, especially outside of the breeding season. They play a role in controlling insect populations and contribute to the health of pine forest ecosystems by acting as both a consumer and food source for higher trophic levels, including birds of prey.