The Tawny Owl (Strix aluco) is a medium-sized owl with a rounded head and no ear tufts. It has a mottled brown and grey plumage that provides excellent camouflage in its woodland habitats across Europe and Asia. Nocturnal in nature, it is known for its distinctive 'twit-twoo' call. It preys on small mammals, birds, and insects, playing a crucial role in controlling these populations. The Tawny Owl is territorial and often uses the same nest site for many years. Its large, dark eyes enhance night vision, aiding its hunting efficiency.

Strix aluco, commonly known as the Tawny Owl, is native to a wide range across Europe, parts of North Africa, and into western and central Asia. Its distribution includes countries like the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and much of the northern and central European regions. It also extends into parts of the Middle East, including Turkey and Iran, and reaches as far as western Siberia.

The Tawny Owl typically inhabits deciduous and mixed woodlands, but it can also be found in parks, gardens, and urban areas. It prefers areas with dense tree cover that provide ample opportunities for nesting and roosting. The climate in these regions is generally temperate, with varying conditions depending on the specific location, ranging from the cool, damp conditions of northern Europe to the drier, more continental climates found further east.

Strix aluco occupies a niche as a nocturnal predator, primarily hunting small mammals such as rodents, as well as birds, insects, and occasionally amphibians. Its presence is often indicative of healthy woodland ecosystems, where it plays a role in controlling the populations of its prey species. The Tawny Owl is well adapted to its environment through its silent flight and exceptional night vision, which are crucial for its hunting strategy.