Tamias striatus, commonly known as the Eastern chipmunk, is native to North America. Its geographical distribution includes southeastern Canada and the eastern United States, extending from Manitoba and Quebec in Canada, down through the United States to the northern parts of Missisippi, Georgia, and Louisiana.

The Eastern chipmunk typically inhabits deciduous forests, forest edges, and fringes, but it can also be found in suburban areas near wooded patches. The regions it resides in experience a temperate climate with four distinct seasons, including cold winters and warm summers.

Tamias striatus is primarily a ground-dwelling creature, although it is capable of climbing trees. It plays a crucial role in its ecosystem as both a prey species and a seed disperser. The chipmunk constructs complex burrow systems that serve as shelter and storage for food. These burrows often include multiple chambers and entrances, which help in avoiding predators and managing food supplies.