The Wood Sandpiper (Tringa glareola) has a wide geographical distribution. It's native to the Palearctic region, primarily found across Eurasia. During breeding season, its range extends from northern Europe across to Siberia, covering countries such as Finland, Sweden, Norway, Russia, and parts of eastern and central Europe.

The Wood Sandpiper typically inhabits freshwater wetlands, including marshes, swamps, ponds, and lake shores. These environments generally feature shallow water and abundant vegetation like reeds, sedges, and grasses. They thrive in environments with a temperate to subarctic climate during breeding season.

As a wader, the Wood Sandpiper feeds on a diet of invertebrates such as insects, worms, and crustaceans, which it forages in the mud of wetland habitats. Its ecological role involves maintaining the balance of invertebrate populations in these ecosystems. During the non-breeding season, it migrates to sub-Saharan Africa, southern Asia, and parts of the Indian subcontinent, where it utilizes similar wetland habitats.