Ursus americanus, commonly known as the American black bear, is native to North America. Its geographical distribution spans from northern Mexico through the United States and into Canada, including Alaska. The species is most commonly found throughout forested regions, which provide necessary resources such as food and cover.

The American black bear occupies a diverse range of habitats, primarily preferring forest environments such as deciduous and coniferous forests, as well as boreal forests. These areas offer abundant food sources and protection. Black bears are also found in mountainous regions, swamps, and occasionally in more open areas. They adapt well to different climates, ranging from temperate rainforests with high precipitation to drier woodland areas.

As an omnivore, the American black bear plays a vital role in the ecosystem. It forages for berries, nuts, and plants, which makes it an important seed dispersal agent. Additionally, it preys on small mammals and scavenges carrion, thus contributing to the regulation of prey populations and the recycling of nutrients within its habitat. The species' adaptability allows it to thrive in varying landscapes, and it is often an indicator of healthy forest ecosystems.