Vampyroteuthis infernalis, known as the 'vampire squid from hell,' is notable for its gelatinous body, cloak-like webbing, and bioluminescent capabilities. It inhabits deep-sea oxygen minimum zones, where it exhibits unique survival adaptations like oxygen-efficient gills and a low metabolic rate. Its diet consists mainly of marine snow, rather than active hunting.

Vampyroteuthis infernalis, commonly known as the vampire squid, is native to the deep oceanic regions of worldwide tropical and temperate seas. It is found in the mesopelagic to bathypelagic zones, typically between 600 to 1200 meters (approximately 2000 to 4000 feet) deep. Its distribution spans the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans.

The vampire squid inhabits oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) where the oxygen concentration is exceptionally low, often less than 3% of surface levels. These zones are characterized by stable cold temperatures ranging from 2 to 6 degrees Celsius (35 to 43 degrees Fahrenheit). The deep-sea environment is extremely dark, and the pressure is very high, conditions to which the vampire squid is well-adapted.

Vampyroteuthis infernalis occupies a unique ecological niche as both a predator and scavenger. It feeds on detritus, marine snow, and small prey like copepods and other zooplankton. Its adaptations, such as bioluminescent capabilities and the ability to survive in low-oxygen environments, allow it to thrive in the deep-sea habitat where few predators can exist.