The Xoloitzcuintli, often called the Mexican Hairless Dog, is known for its smooth, hairless skin and elegant, streamlined body. It comes in three sizes and is known for its calm, loyal temperament. This ancient breed has a storied history, once revered by the Aztecs and believed to possess healing powers.

The Xoloitzcuintli, also known as the Mexican Hairless Dog, is native to Mexico. This breed is indigenous to the region and has been present there for thousands of years. It is considered one of the oldest and rarest dog breeds, with historical significance in Aztec culture.

The Xoloitzcuintli is adaptable to a range of environmental conditions typical to the regions of Mexico. These conditions include a variety of climates from tropical to temperate, typically characterized by moderate rainfall and warmth. The breed is primarily found in areas that provide a balanced climate conducive to its health, given its hairless nature, which makes it sensitive to extreme temperatures.

As a domesticated breed, the ecological niche of the Xoloitzcuintli involves primarily human-inhabited areas. Historically, they were kept as companions and watchdogs, living in homes and villages. They are known for their loyalty and have been used for household protection and companionship, reflecting a symbiotic relationship with human communities in their native regions.