The Xoloitzcuintli is characterized by its sleek, hairless body and elegant build, exuding an air of ancient mystery and grace.

Three size varieties—Toy, Miniature, and Standard.

Predominantly hairless, though a short, flat, coated variety also exists.

Smooth and tough; may have wrinkles, especially on the forehead and around the neck.

Skin colors range from black, gray-black, slate, to red, liver, or bronze.

Large, bat-like ears that are erect and expressive.

Long, thin, and whip-like; may be carried low or in a curve.

Almond-shaped and medium-sized; colors vary from yellow to black.

Xoloitzcuintlis are known for their calm, intelligent, and attentive nature, making them both excellent watchdogs and loyal companions.

Highly observant and aware of their surroundings.

Deeply devoted to their families, forming strong bonds.

Generally composed and not prone to excessive excitability.

Quick learners, capable of understanding complex commands.

Naturally protective of their home and family, but not aggressive.

Respond best to positive reinforcement and gentle training methods.

Can be reserved or cautious around strangers.

Xoloitzcuintlis are best suited for experienced owners who appreciate their unique needs and can provide a calm, consistent environment.

Adaptable to various living situations.

Requires early and consistent socialization.

The ideal owner for a Xoloitzcuintli is someone who is patient, understanding, and willing to commit to their specific care needs. They thrive in a calm and stable environment with owners who appreciate their unique qualities and ancient heritage.

Xolo care involves skin protection, regular bathing, and a balanced diet, adaptable to both apartment and house living.

Regular bathing with a mild, hypoallergenic shampoo is necessary. Moisturize the skin with dog-safe lotions or oils to prevent dryness.

Apply dog-safe sunscreen to exposed skin, especially during prolonged sun exposure.

Protect from extreme cold and heat. Sweaters or coats may be needed in cold weather.

Regular teeth brushing to prevent dental disease.

Trim nails regularly to prevent overgrowth and discomfort.

Feed a high-quality dog food appropriate for their age, size, and activity level.

Check and clean ears regularly to prevent infections.

Xolos are intelligent and respond well to positive training, requiring moderate exercise to maintain their well-being.

Xoloitzcuintlis are intelligent dogs and eager to please, making them relatively easy to train. However, they are sensitive and respond best to positive reinforcement methods, such as praise, treats, and clicker training. Harsh training methods should be avoided. Early socialization is crucial to develop a well-rounded and confident dog. Consistency and patience are key to successful training.

Xolos have moderate exercise needs. Daily walks, playtime, and mental stimulation are sufficient to keep them happy and healthy. They enjoy activities that engage their minds, such as puzzle toys or learning new tricks. While they can adapt to apartment living, they appreciate having access to a securely fenced yard where they can explore.

Early exposure to various people, dogs, and environments is essential.

Utilize rewards-based training for best results.

Provide puzzle toys and interactive games to prevent boredom.

Maintain a consistent training routine.

Avoid harsh corrections or physical punishment.

Always supervise interactions with young children and other pets.

Xoloitzcuintlis are generally a healthy breed, but like all breeds, they can be prone to certain health issues.

Due to their hairlessness, Xolos can be prone to acne, blackheads, and skin irritations.

The genes linked to hairlessness can also affect dentition, sometimes resulting in missing teeth or dental abnormalities.

This condition occurs when the kneecap dislocates from its normal position.

Although less common than in larger breeds, hip dysplasia can occur. It's the malformation of hip socket, that in severe cases, can cause lameness.

The Xoloitzcuintli's history is deeply intertwined with the ancient civilizations of Mexico, including the Aztecs and Mayans. Archaeological evidence, such as ceramic effigies, suggests the breed existed over 3,000 years ago. The Xolo was considered sacred by these cultures, believed to be a guide for souls to the underworld, Mictlan. The name 'Xoloitzcuintli' is derived from the Aztec god Xolotl, the god of lightning and death, and 'itzcuintli,' the Aztec word for dog. For centuries, Xolos served not only as spiritual guides but also as hunting companions and bed warmers. Their hairless bodies radiated heat, providing comfort in cool weather. The breed faced near extinction during the Spanish colonization, as European breeds were introduced and indigenous traditions were suppressed. However, Xolos survived in remote areas of Mexico. The Xoloitzcuintli was officially recognized by the Mexican Kennel Club in the mid-20th century and by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1887. It was removed from the AKC studbook in 1959 due to breed scarcity, but was reinstated in 2011. Today, while still relatively rare, the Xolo is a cherished national symbol of Mexico and is gaining popularity worldwide.

Most Xolos are hairless, but there is also a coated variety with a short, flat coat. Even hairless Xolos may have some short, coarse hair on the top of the head, feet, and tip of the tail.

Xolos can be good with children if they are raised with them and properly socialized. However, interactions should always be supervised, and children should be taught how to interact respectfully with the dog.

Xolos are not typically excessive barkers. They are alert and will bark to alert their owners to something unusual, but they are not known for nuisance barking.

Hairless Xolos need regular bathing, typically every one to two weeks, or as needed to keep their skin clean. Coated Xolos require less frequent bathing.

While no dog is truly 100% hypoallergenic, hairless Xolos produce less dander than many other breeds and are often a good choice for people with mild to moderate allergies. However, allergic reactions can still occur, so it's important to spend time with a Xolo before bringing one home if you have allergies.

Xoloitzcuintlis have a relatively long lifespan, typically ranging from 13 to 18 years.

Xolos have moderate exercise needs. Daily walks and playtime are usually sufficient.

Hairless Xolos are sensitive to cold and will need protection, such as sweaters or coats, in cold weather. Coated Xolos are more tolerant of cold, but still may need protection in extreme temperatures.

Yes, Xoloitzcuintlis are still relatively rare, especially outside of Mexico, but their popularity is growing.

It's important to find a reputable breeder who prioritizes the health and temperament of their dogs. You can also check with Xoloitzcuintli rescue organizations.