Zenaida asiatica, commonly known as the White-winged Dove, is native to the Americas. Its geographical distribution extends from the southwestern United States, through Mexico and Central America, to parts of northern South America. It is particularly prevalent in states such as Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico in the U.S., and throughout much of Mexico.

The White-winged Dove typically inhabits arid and semi-arid regions, often found in deserts, shrublands, and open woodlands. It is well-adapted to hot climates and can also be found in urban areas, where it takes advantage of man-made structures for nesting.

This species occupies an ecological niche as both a seed and fruit consumer, often feeding on seeds from cacti and various native plants. Its adaptation to desert environments includes a diet that frequently consists of saguaro cactus fruit, which provides both nutrition and hydration. The White-winged Dove plays a role in seed dispersal for many of these plants, contributing to the ecological balance of its habitat.