Zenaida auriculata, commonly known as the Eared Dove, is native to South America. Its geographical distribution includes countries such as Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela. The species is particularly prevalent in the Pampas region of Argentina and has a widespread presence across various other South American countries.

The Eared Dove typically inhabits open and semi-open environments. It is commonly found in areas such as savannas, shrublands, grasslands, and agricultural landscapes. The species is adaptable to different climates, from semi-arid regions to more humid areas, and can often be seen in urban and suburban parks and gardens.

Zenaida auriculata occupies an ecological niche as a granivorous bird, primarily feeding on seeds from grasses and crops, making it a common sight in agricultural regions. This dietary preference often brings them into conflict with farming activities, as they can become agricultural pests. The species' ability to thrive in diverse habitats, including human-altered landscapes, showcases its adaptability and resilience.