The Golden-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia atricapilla) is native to the Pacific coast of North America. Its breeding range extends from central Alaska to northern British Columbia, while during the non-breeding season, it migrates to the U.S. West Coast, primarily California, with some populations reaching as far south as Baja California, Mexico.

During the breeding season, the Golden-crowned Sparrow inhabits shrubby areas in alpine and subalpine zones, often in scrub forests or clearings with dense undergrowth. They prefer cooler climates and areas with abundant low-lying vegetation for cover and nesting. In the wintering grounds, they occupy a variety of habitats, including chaparral, coastal scrub, and gardens, often seeking environments with dense shrubs and grasses that provide both food and protection.

The species plays a significant role in its ecosystem by participating in seed dispersal through its diet primarily consisting of seeds and berries. It also helps control populations of insects and contributes to the aeration and turnover of soil through its foraging behavior. This sparrow is well-adapted to edge habitats where it can exploit the resources available in transitional zones between dense vegetation and more open areas.